Vancomycin Resources & Literature

Read more on articles about Vancomycin AUC dosing, MIPD/TDM, and therapeutic monitoring of other therapeutics.

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Vancomycin AUC
MIPD/TDM
Other Therapeutics
AUC Vancomycin Dosing

Association of piperacillin and vancomycin exposure on acute kidney injury during combination therapy

This is the first study to evaluate vancomycin and piperacillin/tazobactam exposures in patients receiving combination therapy. With nephrotoxicity and serum creatinine-defined AKI according to accepted criteria (KDIGO), our study did not find any significant differences in vancomycin and piperacillin/tazobactam exposure between the group with and without nephrotoxicity.

AUC Vancomycin Dosing

Dose optimization and target attainment of vancomycin in children

Bayesian forecasting in pediatric patients allows estimation of population PK to accurately predict individual vancomycin concentrations over time, and consequently total vancomycin exposure. AUC-guided TDM for vancomycin, preferably with Bayesian forecasting, is therefore suggested for all pediatric age groups and special pediatric populations.

AUC Vancomycin Dosing

Emergence of Rapid-Onset Ototoxicity Following Three Doses of Vancomycin: A Unique Case Report in the Context of Normal Renal Function and Therapeutic Dosing

This case report underscores the potential for ototoxicity associated with intravenous vancomycin, highlighting its emergence as a rare but significant concern even in cases with normal renal function and therapeutic dosing.

AUC Vancomycin Dosing

Toward Model-Based Informed Precision Dosing of Vancomycin in Hematologic Cancer Patients: A First Step

To our knowledge, this study provides the first model-informed AUC-based strategy in North American hematologic cancer patients with or without HSCT. The resulting nomogram generated provides a simplified approach to improving the accuracy of initial vancomycin dosing in this population.

MIPD/TDM

Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Considerations of Antibiotic Use in Neonates

Model-informed precision dosing, such as Bayesian forecasting dosing software (which incorporates PK/PD population models), may be utilized to optimize antibiotic exposure in neonatal populations.

Other Therapeutics

Effective Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Surgery: The Relevance and Role of Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics

This narrative review examines the relevance and role of PKPD in providing effective SAP. The dose-response relationship i.e., association between lower dose and SSI in cefazolin prophylaxis is discussed. A comprehensive review of the evidence for an antibiotic concentration–response (SSI) relationship in SAP is also presented.

AUC Vancomycin Dosing

Association of piperacillin and vancomycin exposure on acute kidney injury during combination therapy

This is the first study to evaluate vancomycin and piperacillin/tazobactam exposures in patients receiving combination therapy. With nephrotoxicity and serum creatinine-defined AKI according to accepted criteria (KDIGO), our study did not find any significant differences in vancomycin and piperacillin/tazobactam exposure between the group with and without nephrotoxicity.

AUC Vancomycin Dosing

Dose optimization and target attainment of vancomycin in children

Bayesian forecasting in pediatric patients allows estimation of population PK to accurately predict individual vancomycin concentrations over time, and consequently total vancomycin exposure. AUC-guided TDM for vancomycin, preferably with Bayesian forecasting, is therefore suggested for all pediatric age groups and special pediatric populations.

AUC Vancomycin Dosing

Emergence of Rapid-Onset Ototoxicity Following Three Doses of Vancomycin: A Unique Case Report in the Context of Normal Renal Function and Therapeutic Dosing

This case report underscores the potential for ototoxicity associated with intravenous vancomycin, highlighting its emergence as a rare but significant concern even in cases with normal renal function and therapeutic dosing.

AUC Vancomycin Dosing

Toward Model-Based Informed Precision Dosing of Vancomycin in Hematologic Cancer Patients: A First Step

To our knowledge, this study provides the first model-informed AUC-based strategy in North American hematologic cancer patients with or without HSCT. The resulting nomogram generated provides a simplified approach to improving the accuracy of initial vancomycin dosing in this population.

AUC Vancomycin Dosing

Real-Life Vancomycin Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcal Bacteremia in Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

Bloodstream infections (BSI) from coagulase-negative-staphylococci (CoNS) are among the most frequent healthcare-related infections. Their treatment involves the use of vancomycin, a molecule whose optimal pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) target for efficacy and safety is an area-under-curve/minimum inhibitory concentration (AUC/MIC) ratio ≥ 400 with AUC < 600.

AUC Vancomycin Dosing

Pharmacokinetics and therapeutic target attainment of vancomycin in pediatric post-liver transplant patients

Vancomycin is widely prescribed to treat or prevent Gram-positive infections in pediatric liver transplant recipients. The objective of this prospective cohort study is to describe vancomycin pharmacokinetics and to evaluate the therapeutic target attainment after initial dose regimen.

MIPD/TDM

Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Considerations of Antibiotic Use in Neonates

Model-informed precision dosing, such as Bayesian forecasting dosing software (which incorporates PK/PD population models), may be utilized to optimize antibiotic exposure in neonatal populations.

MIPD/TDM

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Drug-Induced Acute Kidney Injury Cases

Drug-induced acute kidney injury (DI-AKI) is a frequent adverse event. The identification of DI-AKI is challenged by competing etiologies, clinical heterogeneity among patients, and a lack of accurate diagnostic tools. Our research aims to describe the clinical characteristics and predictive variables of DI-AKI.

MIPD/TDM

Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Gentamicin in Various Patient Populations and Consequences for Optimal Dosing for Gram‑Negative Infections: An Updated Review

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for gentamicin is recommended in patients with highly variable pharmacokinetics, including patients from all subpopulations that are critically ill (such as elderly, children and neonates) and patients on intermittent hemodialysis.

MIPD/TDM

Drug Metabolism and Transport: The Frontier of Personalized Medicine

There are many unique challenges in personalizing drug therapy. Research on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs is beneficial to ensure the safety and efficacy of clinical medication. The purpose of this special issue is to report on factors influencing the pharmacokinetics of drugs, such as drug dosage forms, drug-drug interactions, metabolic enzymes, transporters, pharmacogenetic polymorphisms, pharmacomicrobiome, and specific environments, etc.

MIPD/TDM

Model-Informed Precision Dosing Software Tools for Dosage Regimen Individualization: A Scoping Review

In this review, PrecisePK stands out as the most complete tool, as it includes population PK models for special populations, such as obese patients, critically ill patients, neonates, or patients on dialysis, providing added benefits for professionals who frequently treat patients with more complex requirements. PrecisePK also includes features such as report generation capability, EHR integration, and a wide range of drug classes that have been implemented.

MIPD/TDM

Precision Dosing Priority Criteria: Drug, Disease, and Patient Population Variables

The administered dose of a drug modulates whether patients will experience optimal effectiveness, toxicity including death, or no effect at all. Dosing is particularly important for diseases and/or drugs where the drug can decrease severe morbidity or prolong life. Likewise, dosing is important where the drug can cause death or severe morbidity. This review paper discusses variables to consider when prioritizing precision dosing candidates while highlighting key examples of precision dosing that have been successfully used to improve patient care.

Other Therapeutics

Effective Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Surgery: The Relevance and Role of Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics

This narrative review examines the relevance and role of PKPD in providing effective SAP. The dose-response relationship i.e., association between lower dose and SSI in cefazolin prophylaxis is discussed. A comprehensive review of the evidence for an antibiotic concentration–response (SSI) relationship in SAP is also presented.

Other Therapeutics

Over a decade of experience with carboplatin therapeutic drug monitoring in a childhood cancer setting in the United Kingdom

The widely used platinum agent carboplatin represents a good example of an anticancer drug where clear relationships between pharmacological exposure and clinical response and toxicity have previously been shown. For the treatment of these patient populations in the UK, there is now significant experience in carrying out therapeutic drug monitoring, aiming to consistently achieve target drug exposures, maximise drug efficacy and minimise treatment-related side effects.

Other Therapeutics

Therapeutic drug monitoring for cytotoxic anticancer drugs: Principles and evidence-based practices

Cytotoxic drugs are highly efficacious and also have low therapeutic index. The fine balance between efficacy and safety is the key to the success of cytotoxic chemotherapeutics. This article compiles the summary of the evidence and the best practices for TDM for the three cytotoxic drug, busulfan, 5-FU and methotrexate.

Other Therapeutics

β-lactam precision dosing in critically ill children: Current state and knowledge gaps

In this review, the researchers highlight what is known about β-lactam antibiotic pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in critically ill children. The researchers also define the knowledge gaps that present barriers to acceptance and implementation of precision dosing of β-lactam antibiotics in critically ill children. We conclude with opportunities for further research to close these knowledge gaps.

Other Therapeutics

Can the Area Under the Curve/Trough Level Ratio Be Used to Optimize Tacrolimus Individual Dose Adjustment?

The aim of this work was to evaluate, in a large data set of renal transplant recipients, the intraindividual variability of the area under the curve (AUC)/predose concentration (C0) ratio in comparison with that of AUC, C0, AUC/dose, and C0/dose. In this study, we confirmed in a large data set that the AUC/C0 ratio yields low intraindividual variability, whereas C0 shows the largest, and we propose to calculate individualized C0 targets based on this ratio.

Other Therapeutics

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Tacrolimus-Personalized Therapy: Second Consensus Report

The Immunosuppressive Drugs Scientific Committee of the International Association of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Clinical Toxicity (IATDMCT) updated consensus report considering the most relevant advances in tacrolimus pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacogenetics (PG), pharmacodynamics, and immunologic biomarkers, with the aim to provide analytical and drug-exposure recommendations to assist TDM professionals and clinicians to individualize tacrolimus TDM and treatment.

Featured Articles
MIPD/TDM
Model-Informed Precision Dosing Software Tools for Dosage Regimen Individualization: A Scoping Review
AUC Vancomycin Dosing
The Bayesian-Based Area under the Curve of Vancomycin by Using a Single Trough Level: An Evaluation of Accuracy and Discordance at Tertiary Care Hospital in KSA
MIPD/TDM
Opportunities and challenges in application of artificial intelligence in pharmacology
AUC Vancomycin Dosing
Review and Validation of Bayesian Dose-Optimizing Software and Equations for Calculation of the Vancomycin Area Under the Curve in Critically Ill Patients
MIPD/TDM
Model-Informed Precision Dosing: Background, Requirements, Validation, Implementation, and Forward Trajectory of Individualizing Drug Therapy

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